Classification Of Polymers, Cellulose, Starch, And Rubber

ïÆ'Ëœ Polymers they are combined form small units of compound having low molecular weight, as a wall is made up of bricks. ïÆ'Ëœ The word ‘polymer’ is taken from two Greek words poly states many and (mer) means unit or part. ïÆ'Ëœ The term polymer is defined as very large molecules having high molecular mass. These are also referred to as macromolecules, which are formed by joining of repeating structural units on a large scale. ïÆ'Ëœ The repeating structural units are derived from some simple and reactive molecules known as monomers and are linked to each other by covalent bonds. ïÆ'Ëœ This process of formation of polymers from respective monomers is called polymerization. (2)Types of Polymers There are several ways of classification of polymers based on some special considerations. The following are some of the common classifications of polymers: Under this type of classification, there are three sub categories. ïÆ'Ëœ (2,1,1)-Natural polymers these polymers are found in plants and animals. Examples are proteins, cellulose, starch, and rubber. ïÆ'Ëœ (2,1,2)- Semi-synthetic polymers Cellulose derivatives as cellulose acetate (rayon) and cellulose nitrate, etc. are the usual examples of this sub category. ïÆ'Ëœ (2,1,3)- Synthetic polymers A variety of synthetic polymers as plastic (polythene), synthetic fibers (nylon 6,6) and synthetic rubbers (Buna - S) are examples of manmade polymers extensively used in daily life as well as in industry. There are three different types based on theShow MoreRelatedPolymers And Their Monomer Units1444 Words   |  6 Pagesabout polymers and their monomer units. Polymers are substances containing a large number of structural units joined by the same type of linkage. The small molecules that make up these polymer chains are called monomers. Polymers in the natural world have been around since the beginning of time and are found many places in nature. Starch, cellulose, and rubber all possess polymeric properties. Cellulose and starch are actually polymers of glucose which is a monosaccharide. Man-made polymers (alsoRead MorePhase Behavior : Melting Point1898 Words   |  8 Pages PHASE BEHAVIOR:- Melting Point:- The temperature at which polymer transmit into crystalline form to determine the melting point. The polymer of low-molecular substance exist very low melting point and this happened when polymer chain is dispersed. In physical state melting point is very difficult to calculate. Polymer will decompose at high temperature rather than melts. It is also known as crystalline melting temperature. Glass TransitionRead MoreNatural and Synthetic Materials2539 Words   |  11 Pagesis then used in a series of methods that include, stitching, knitting and weaving in order to produce a fabric. The content, construction and finish of a fabric can determine it’s aesthetic and functional qualities. This essay will explore the classifications and characteristics of fibres, yarns and fabrics, expanding on colouration and finishing techniques. (Udale, 2008)(Hallet Johnston, 2010)(BBC Bitesize, 2011) Natural fibres are produced and obtained from plants and animals; they are 100% biodegradableRead MoreA comparison of the respiration of yeast in different sugar substrates.4520 Words   |  19 Pagesmonosaccharide (glucose) and a disaccharide (maltose) Theory: There are three types of Carbohydrates, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. The two, which I will be looking at, are, monosaccharide (glucose) and the disaccharide (maltose) Classification and major properties of carbohydrates GroupPropertiesExamples Monosaccharides general formula:(CH20)n(n = 3 to 0)Small molecules with low molecular mass; sweet tasting; crystalline; readily soluble in water.Trioses, e.g. glyceraldehyde (C3H603)HexosesRead MorePharmaeutical Industry Training Report with Deep Description of Different Area in Ibn Sina Pharmaceutical Industry Ltd.14426 Words   |  58 Pagesdosage itself is inadequate to produce | | |tablets of adequate weight and size. | | |Ex- Lactose, Avicel, Maize starch, Ludipress etc. | |Binders or Granulating agents or|Binders are added to tablet formulations to add cohesiveness to powders, thus providing the necessary | |Adhesives Read MoreNatural Dyes11205 Words   |  45 Pagesand tawnies.[13][14] In China, Japan, India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Gambia, and other parts of West Africa and southeast Asia, patterned silk and cotton fabrics were produced using resist dyeing techniques in which the cloth is printed or stenciled with starch or wax, or tied in various ways to prevent even penetration of the dye when the cloth is piece-dyed. Chinese ladao is dated to the 10th century; other traditional techniques include tie-dye, batik, RÃ… ketsuzome, katazome, bandhani and leheria.[15]Read MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words   |  143 Pagescompressible little free space between particles | flows easily particles can move past one another | flows easily particles can move/slide past one another | does not flow easily rigid - particles cannot move/slide past one another | Classification of Matter Elements Any substance that contains only one kind of an atom is known as an element.This atom is distinguished by its atomic number which is the number of protons in its nucleus. The notation for each element can be found on the periodic

The Rise Of The Jacksonian Era - 1540 Words

The Jacksonian Era was often described as a time of â€Å"democratization of politics† in the United States. However, democracy, at this time, was only defined as equality and justice for white males. There were improvements that benefited the common people, such as universal male suffrage, but these excluded women, Africans, Indians, and the rest of the population in the country. In addition, Andrew Jackson was not very democratic as he violated the Constitution and used the authority of the government for his personal issues. Meanwhile, today’s American society is a true democracy because every citizen, despite sex and race, is protected and given equal rights and opportunities. Back then, the United States did not achieve true democratization because there was not equality among all the people and Andrew Jackson abused his power as president. One major improvement in the United States during the Jacksonian Era was the expansion of voting rights. In document one, th e map showed that all the states, except Kentucky and Vermont, permitted voting rights only to tax-paying landowners in 1800. By the time of the Election of 1828, in which Andrew Jackson was elected president, states removed their restrictions and all white men were allowed to vote. As a result, there appeared a significant increase in the number of voters and political participation. The common men were also able to hold public offices as they became more elective than appointive. Indeed, the universal maleShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Jacksonian Era1638 Words   |  7 PagesThree specific ways in which American expansion shaped the Jacksonian period was through the advancement of technology, by way of slavery, and the Indian Removal Act. Jackson used any political and economic means necessary in order to see American frontier regions expand across the nation. Jackson’s Indian Removal policy had some of the most important consequences and paved the way toward American ex pansion. In the beginning of the Jacksonian era, colonial Americans’ settlements had not yet extended farRead MoreThe Jacksonian Democratic Party1423 Words   |  6 Pagesprivileges†, he called for a party to become the sentinel of the original American democracy. And for many, the Jacksonian Democratic Party filled that role. The Democrats, who pursued a democracy that entailed economic and social independence for the common citizen, faced harsh opposition from the Whig Party in the Second American Party System. But apart from the political tensions of the era, the mid-1800’s were host to numerous movements and events that embodied, and didn’t embody, the DemocraticRead MoreAndrew Jackson s Impact On The American History1142 Words   |  5 PagesIndians in Alabama. Later, Andrew Jackson became the seventh president of the U.S in 1829, and a populist one, who earned a number of transformative achievements to his name. More importantly, Andrew’s presidency marked the advent of the Jacksonian era. The Jacksonian era in particular was monumental in the construction of democracy for the common man. Nonetheless, Andrew Jackson had a number of achievements and accomplishment that will live to transcend the American history for many years to come. TheRead MoreAndrew Jackson And The Influence Of The Jacksonian Democracy1259 Words   |  6 Pagespopulation of voters, Jackson swept the election, dawning the Jacksonian Era that lasted until the end of his second term as president. President Jackson was admired by his followers for his respect towards the common man and his focus on fulfilling the interests of the people. Although Jacksonian Democrats viewed themselves as guardians of the constitution and the values it instills, they did not protect democracy and individual liberty. The Jacksonian Democrats claimed to defend political democracy. On severalRead MoreWomen During The Jacksonian Era1740 Words   |  7 PagesWomen throughout the course of history have played numerous roles in society. During the Jacksonian Era, America as a whole was undergoing various changes. Political changes allowed the â€Å"common man† to have a say in government. While the women still lacked the right to vote and be involved in politics by law, they certainly made their presence known. Women were able to influence government through their unwritten social laws. The Petticoat Affair describes perfectly how women made powerful politicalRead MoreThe Era Of The Common Man844 Words   |  4 PagesThe era of the common man was a period between, 1824 through 1848, described to be the era of wealth, hope and power. During this period Andrew Jackson s presidency helped United States grow as a nation and live up to the era’s name; through the economic developments, chang ing politics that benefited the common man, and different reform movements. The Tariff of 1828 commonly known as the â€Å"tariff of abominations† decreased the Southerners economy drastically. The Southerners had to pay for raw materialsRead MoreAndrew Jackson, A New School Of Thought Essay1886 Words   |  8 Pagesworld of academics continued to develop and stricter guidelines became more urbanized, a new school of thought under the neoconservatives, a new school of thought based on both democratic and conservative viewpoints. Under the democratic school of Jacksonian historiography is Life of Andrew Jackson, a text written by John Spencer Bassett. In Bassett’s text we continue to look with greater eyes on the shortcomings of Jackson. Bassett argues Jackson’s â€Å"lack of education, his crude judgments in many affairsRead MoreSectionalism In The 19th Century1318 Words   |  6 Pagesin which America is trying to be defined as a happy and thriving nation. The rise of democracy coupled with the the gradual political process, both m agnify the degree to which America was still trying to find themselves politically. The rise of sectionalism and decline of nationalism point to the once wavering aura of togetherness and separateness and now complete dominance of sectionalism. These examples during this era help make the America of the future through the search of uniqueness. The searchRead MoreThe Presidential Election Of 1824872 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the election of 1824, there were five candidates for the president. The election of 1824 was the fall of the Federalist Party that never would rise to power again. All the candidates were Democratic-Republican, but that didn’t seem to weigh heavily on the outcome of the election of 1824. The two front runners were John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson that would be decided by the House of Representatives because of the Twelve Amendment to the Constitution states the House will decide by majorityRead MoreAndrew Jackson Vs. Jacksonian Democracy1142 Words   |  5 PagesUsing the third chapter of The American Political Tradition analyzes the career of Andrew Jackson and the concept of â€Å"Jacksonian Democracy.† and other source materials. I will compare and contract Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson. They both being influential political figures in two very different eras. Each formed their own democracy that helped shape the way we think about American government. Consequently, they had their differences, yet they also had their similarities. From many viewpoints

Is Balochistan the New Bangladesh Free Essays

THESIS STATEMENT: Despite the similar unfair treatment towards Balochistan, like Bangladesh; Balochistan is not the same situation as Bangladesh. Ever since Pakistan came into being it has faced numerous challenges, some of which have been crucial to overcome in light of its handicapped economy, and lack of a headstrong goverment. A very crucial point along these years has been the loss of East Pakistan, now Bangladesh, which revolted against the government of Pakistan due to unfair treatment of their people and gained independence for themselves with the help of the Indian Army, when matters were beyond bad. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Balochistan the New Bangladesh? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The case in discussion here is the recent turmoil in Balochistan; their lack of autonomy, lack of security, and extraction of resources. Does that make Balochistan the next Bangladesh? According to the following analysis, not so much. Social Similarities: The cry for independence in East Pakistan that led to the formation of Bangladesh started from the language riots. When East Pakistan, which made up 60 percent of Pakistan’s population, was denied their right to Bengali being the national language; they became infuriated since most people there couldn’t speak Urdu or English very well. This need for their language brought about the start of the Bengali nationalism. The angry Bengalis of East Pakistan started rioting massively, fighting for their language; hence uniting the youth and the students towards one cause and starting the Bengali Nationalist Movement. The nationalism in Bengalis and their protests towards the wrong being done to them in other ways such as politically and economically brought about their first cry for independence. Similarly in Balochistan, the exploitation of their people, the atrocities done to them, and unfair conditions has led to the Balochistan Nationalist Movements. Organizations like BLA (Balochistan Liberation Army), BRA (Balochistan Republican Army), and BLF (Balochistan Liberation Fund) are all working towards supporting Baloch nationalism and fighting for their rights. Even though the cause of this nationalism in Balochistan does not have much to do with language, the fact that this nationalism has evolved and is now pressing the Balochis towards wanting independence, is a striking similarity etween Balochistan and Bangladesh. It can be said that this nationalism is what is driving both Balochis and Bengalis towards the larger picture of wanting independence. Differences: Even though socially Bangladesh and Balochistan are similar with their nationalism standing high and above, there are a lot of social differences that keep them apart from falling under the same situation. In Bangl adesh, the Bengalis were a lot more united as a whole. Since the beginning Bengalis never wanted to be divided, but when they were done so against their will and then given to a federation that didn’t allow its language, agitation had built up amongst the Bengalis. This nationalism amongst them was very uniting, and helped them in the later years when they faced other unfair conditions politically and economically. So the fact that their leader Sheikh Mujib Ur Rehman and their different Nationalist movements led by the students were very united in their goals made their nationalism even stronger. It can be said that those leading the protests in Bangladesh wanted the goodwill of all the Bengalis and wanted their voice heard. However, in Balochistan that unity is seen missing. Historically, Balochistan was a large land mass which had different tribes living together, divided into borders, each on their own. Balochistan as a primordial ethnicity never existed. The Mughals had first set up Kaalat, with a king/emperor given the title of ‘Khan’. Slowly, five different states were set up in Balochistan, each with their own leader. Later on when Pakistan came into being, these 5 states were still pretty much separate without a larger name of a geo political entity. The name Balochistan was given to these tribes’ years after they had been a part of Pakistan, in 1971 when Balochistan was made a province. Slowly and gradually the political issues started tearing the Balochis into protesting for their rights. Since the tribes had been divided and appointed Sardars/chiefs to rule them, these Sardars started manipulating their own Balochi people into getting the government to fulfill their demands. Hence the Sardars would light up a fire, the people would start riots and the Government of Pakistan would pay them to calm them down. This continued until the Balochis backfired on their own Sardars and kicked them out of Balochistan. In light of this, it can be said that Balochistan isn’t very united in its cry for independence/autonomy. The different organizations working for the Balochistan Nationalist Movement don’t work together, since they come from different families and have different agendas of their own. The Balochis were led down by their own Sardars who should have been holding them together and protecting them, but instead they were not willing to put aside their own agendas, goals and conflicts; this made the different Sardars stand against one another and not come together to stand for a larger cause for their people. Hence Balochistan is way different from Bangladesh in the sense that it lacks Bangladesh’s unity and strength that came from their union in Nationalism. Economical Similarities: Balochistan and Bangladesh both present one similarity, which is economical neglect from the rest of Pakistan. When Bangladesh was East Pakistan, it formed 60% of Pakistan’s population; however, resources were put more towards the establishment of West Pakistan, as compared to East Pakistan. Hence, East Pakistan was always economically ignored and not given higher weightage in line of the fact that they formed a larger portion of Pakistan. Resources were taken from East Pakistan and put to the betterment of West Pakistan; later in the years Ayub Khan’s industrialization plan, which was the golden age of Pakistani Capitalism, also involved setting up industries in West Pakistan, instead of East Pakistan. In the very same manner, Balochistan is also being economically neglected. Even though Balochistan is a desert and is largely barren, that does not mean that it lacks its fair share of natural resources. The land of Balochistan contains natural resources like Sui Gas and Rico Diq, which are worth hundreds of billions of dollars making it one of the world’s potentially richest regions. Yet, the people of Balochistan live in poverty, deprived of clean drinking water, education, and the natural gas that their own land pumps to the rest of Pakistan. This makes it a similar target of extraction of resources and lack of constructive attention, just like Bangladesh was. Geo Strategic Differences: Even though similar in the unfair treatment they received economically, Both Bangladesh and Balochistan are different from one another from a geo strategic point of view. Talking about Balochistan, it is the largest land mass of Pakistan, is full of natural resources like oil, gas, coal, gold and many other precious materials and minerals, which are largely valuable to Pakistan. It plays a very important role on the foreign affairs of Pakistan by sharing borders with Iran, and Afghanistan. Protected by the surrounding Arabian Sea as well as mountainous ranges, Balochistan is connected to CARs through the Chaman Pass. Countries like China take interest in developing the Gawadar port in Balochistan; whereas the US also has immense interest in Balochistan’s large land mass; hence its unique geo strategic position is very important for Pakistan. Bangladesh on the other hand was never much important for Pakistan from a geo strategic point of view. Since East Pakistan was thousands of miles away from West Pakistan, with a large mass of enemy territory in between; Bangladesh never held any geo strategic importance. Moreover, Bangladesh didn’t have the billions of dollars worth of resources, neither did it have any importance to the US which further decreased its geographical importance for Pakistan. The US never held any interest in East Pakistan, since they didn’t sign SEATO, which was a strategic treaty. The geographical importance of Balochistan makes it a lot more valuable for Pakistan, also since if Pakistan loses Balochistan, it basically losses its majority land area, as well as disrupts relations with its connecting countries. However, Bangladesh didn’t hold any such importance and it was always an understood fact that losing Bangladesh would be a lot easier, if ever there was an enemy attack. Political Similarities: Bangladesh was a victim of political instability from Pakistan’s end since the very beginning. The reason Bangladesh and Balochistan want away from Pakistan is the unfair treatment they have received. This unfair treatment varies greatly between the two, but brings them under the same light in the manner that it is highly uncalled for. Bangladesh was always denied its fair share of representation as East Pakistan, similarly Balochistan isn’t given any autonomous power to control its own province; the provincial government in Balochistan has been made highly handicapped with the little power it is granted. Differences: Politically, both Bangladesh and Balochistan fall under unfair treatment; however, the political situations in both areas are very different. When Bangladesh was still East Pakistan, the largest political problem it faced was the fact that it wasn’t granted the political representation in the government that it rightfully deserved, seeing that it was the majority area of Pakistan. From the day Pakistan was formed, till the years that followed, it was obvious that with the government being based in West Pakistan, The majority would be controlled by the minority. In his article Bangladesh: why it happened? G. W. Choudhary writes, â€Å"Pakistan began its political career under a parliamentary system modeled on Westminster and under a federal constitution. But neither the parliamentary system nor the federation was genuine. The constitutional forms and trappings of democracy only provided a cloak for rule by the few who were able to concentrate power in their own hands. During eleven years (1947-58) of so called parliamentary democracy, there was not a single general election, and the provincial elections were described and ‘a farce, mockery and a fraud upon the electorate’. In light of this it can further be explained how East Pakistan never received its fair share of representation in the government. Moreover, there were denied their rightful power when their political party, Awami League won the elections in 1970-71. From the years that followed from 1947, when Pakistan was formed, till 1971, when Bangladesh was formed; East Pakistan was never given its fair share, neit her in the army, nor in the government. Hence they were always politically weak despite the fact that there was immense unity amongst their own organizations and political parties, working for the Bengalis. It must be noted that East Pakistan was always politically united amongst its own people; as in there weren’t sub divided feuds amongst the Bengalis that kept them politically at par with each other. In Balochistan this unity was missing. Since Balochistan had never been a single, united political entity; the Sardars were divided in their ambitions and had a tone of feuds amongst themselves. These caused the biggest political weakness of Balochistan. Even though just like Bangladesh, Balochistan never got the representation in army, or government that it asked for; what differentiates the two is the fact that Balochistan fell victim to its own internal feuds. In his article Balochistan is no Bangladesh, Sushant Sareen describes this as, â€Å"The trouble is that while many of the tribal Sardars, in their hearts ight be supportive of the Baloch cause, or are being forced by public sentiment as well as the circumstances on the ground to pay lip-service to the aspirations of the Baloch people (for example, Akhtar Mengal insisting on a dialogue with the Pakistani authorities under the aegis of the UN), they are not willing to put aside their personal egos in the service of Baloch nationalism. Their personal ambitions, feuds, rivalries, a desire to be one-up on their fellow Sardars makes it impossible for all of them to come together for the larger cause of their people. â⠂¬  Hence their leadership issues form a major political drawback for Balochistan. Another major political issue that separates Balochistan from being the next Bangladesh is the high importance of anarchy in Balochistan. Even though the legal constitution doesn’t allow for there to be a Jirga system that prevails in Balochistan; but since the judiciary is weak and Balochis don’t trust it, they turn to the Jirga system. Since the Pakistan government never did anything substantial to stop this Jirga system, it has deep rooted itself amongst Balochistan, turning it into anarchy in the name of democracy. This has given way to the Balochistan game. Different countries have come and started to set up their roots in Balochistan trying to take it over. MILITARY Similarities: On 25th March, 1971, Operation Searchlight was started; where six brigades of Pak Army moved into East Pakistan and arrested workers; people of East Pakistan were sexually assaulted by the army and were left crippling while their governor Sheikh Mujeed Ur Rehman was arrested. East Pakistan suffered sexual, physical, and psychological torture at the hands of their country’s army. Similarly, people in Balochistan have suffered and are still suffering at the hands of the Pakistan army. Missing people cases are on the high, bodies are found lying around after days of waiting and the torture just doesn’t seem to stop. This forms part of the major problems of Balochistan, which is not enough security. Even though this similarity of torture at the hands of the army remains, there’s no denying the fact that its intensity in Balochistan is far greater than that in Bangladesh. In light of all the above mentioned similarities and differences, a conclusion can be reached about whether or not Balochistan is going to be the next Bangladesh. Despite the fact that the similarities remain, making it look like the same way nationalism and nationalist movememnts were a start towards the larger independence of Bangladesh, Balochistan remains a different situation. It’s safe to say that Balochistan is no Bangladesh. That statement lies on the fact that the problem of Balochistan is beyond that of unfair treatment by the government. Balochistan faces what is a severe case of lack of unity, unlike Bangladesh which was always a lot more united in its attempt to gain independence. Balochistan is a case of crippled inner politics, encouraged by the Pakistani government that further weakens it towards not being able to gain anything substantial. BIBLIOGRAPHY: * http://www. chowrangi. com/why-balochistan-is-burning. html * http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History_of_Bangladesh#Creation_of_Pakistan * http://www. jstor. org/discover/10. 2307/2613440? uid=2129;uid=2;uid=70;uid=4;sid=21101363476631 * http://www. thedailystar. net/forum/2011/December/on. htm * http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movement http://bangladeshwatchdog. blogspot. com/2012/02/bangladesh-and-now-balochistan. html * http://idsa. in/idsacomments/BalochistanisnoBangladesh_ssareen_190110 * http://www. defence. pk/forums/strategic-geopolitical-issues/165565-balochistan-pakistan-s-second-bangladesh. html * http://blogs. thenews. com. pk/blogs/2012/02/saving-balochistan/ * http://www. nation. com. pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/columns/03-Oct-2012/the-balochistan-plan * ht tp://www. bangladeshfirst. com/docdetails. php? cid=9;docid=1 How to cite Is Balochistan the New Bangladesh?, Essay examples

Internetworking with TCP/IP Switched Networks

Question: Describe about the Internetworking with TCP/IP for Switched Networks. Answer: 1. Discuss why packet switched networks are used for data communication instead of circuit switched. The packet-based network transmits the data packets into small pieces of data packets, those data packet's header address include the destination address as well as describe the sequence for reassembling it at the destination (de Valicourt et al., 2014). Due to this characteristic packet switching minimize the transmission latency as well as optimize the available bandwidth in a network. Therefore, it provides more reliable data communication instead of circuit switched. 2. First Group: Network address Usable IP Addresses Broadcast 142.39.0.0 / 18 142.39.0.1 - 142.39.63.254 142.39.63.255 Maximum IP addresses 16382 Second Group: Network address Usable IP Addresses Broadcast 142.39.64.0 / 20 142.39.64.1 - 142.39.79.254 142.39.79.255 Maximum IP addresses 4094 Third Group: Network address Usable IP Addresses Broadcast 142.39.80.0 / 20 142.39.80.1 - 142.39.95.254 142.39.95.255 The number of address are still available is 40964. 3. The router R1 and R2 if are both central router then it will all depend on the connection links those are either separate individually or coming through R2 or R1 router to the central location (Vissicchio et al., 2015). In any circumstances if router R1 goes down then the connected route links of router R1 will be lost, it also applies to router R2. Therefore this situation totally depends on the site traffic that is served by them. 4. MPLS packet encapsulation for Ethernet DA SA TYPE 8100 VLAN TAG TYPE 8847 TUNNEL LABEL PW LABEL CONTROL WORD CELL HEADER Cell Payload The type filed value for Ethernet protocol is set to 0x8100. Explanation The communication between networks is done by the structure of the OSI model; it defines that how every bits are communicated. MPLS (multiprotocol label switching) is a vital technology or protocol, which is describe as "layer 2.5". Now review the two layers of the OSI models such as layer 2 and layer 3 (Fang et al., 2013). The layer 2 is a data link layer (Ethernet) it defines how to communicate between a homogenous network with many devices, as well as the layer 3, is a network layer (IP), it performed the best possible route and added some QoS (quality of service). Layer 3 provides the dynamic-packet routing from source to destination. The characteristic of MPLS protocol provides the packet forwarding speed of Layer 2 where it includes the scalability as well as dynamic capabilities of layer 3 (Raszuk et al., 2015). However, it holds the both characteristic of layer 2 and 3. Therefore it can be define as "Layer-2.5". Best Case to use Traceroute and Tracepath The Traceroute" command is used to trace the route of a data packet travel from source to destination. It is use to find out the packet loss as well as high latency for the network communication (Agarwal et al., 2014). It is the best to use for when having trouble with connecting to the destination. In other words, it will visualize the hop count, time and the path traffic takes between sources to a destination. The Tracepath command is used to trace MTU (maximum transmission unit) along with this path. This command is used any random port or UDP port; it is very much similar to traceroute (Templin, 2013). It is best for any connection issue, but it can provide more information than traceroute such as commercial IP routers does not return detail information of ICMP request in a circumstance of updating the routing table. However, Tracepath can discover all information during this any situation due to this characteristic it is the best way for TCP/IP troubleshooting. The first and last byte number The fist byte number is: 89 x 8 = 712. The last byte number is: 791 5. It can be considered that IPv4 has the deficiency in regards to the IPv6 for the current usage of the internetworking as well as implementation. This is simply because of the fact that IPv4 has a finite or a limited number of address spaces to allocate number of IP addresses over the network (Kaur, Sahni Bala, 2013). The IPv4 mainly utilizes the address space of 32 bit. In other words, the internetworking protocol, IPv4 is unable to support adequately the additional nodes or the new requirements of the new applications. The current allocation practices of IPv4 address limit the number of available public addresses of IPv4. While the internetworking usage is concerned for the IPv4, it can be seen that numerous addresses those are allocated to several organizations were not utilized as well as it made the IPv4 address scarcity (Fang et al., 2013). On the other hand, IPv6 has very large address space and huge internetworking usage that can allow a hierarchical, systematic as well as better allocation of addresses and effective aggregation of the route. IPv6 provides a hierarchical as well as efficient routing and addressing infrastructure along with providing large address space (Heisswolf et al. 2013). In spite of this huge limitation of IPv4, nowadays, it is utilized as the prime role in the communications across the WLAN as well as LAN. The IPv4 mainly plays a significant role in providing reliable security as well as flexibility. Most importantly, due to its simplicity and familiarity have made IPv4 popular to be utilized as the prime role over the LAN and WLAN. However, the exhaustion of the address space of IPv4 is the key concern over the WLAN, LAN as the number of IP-enabled devices has been increased, and the growth of the commercial Internet is explosively enhancing (Vissicchio et al., 2015). Presently the lake of internet protocol is discovered by many organizations that can be eliminated by the IPv6 address space. Now Ipv6 provides more efficient routing and hierarchical process to re-structure the size of the routing table. It allows the source device to operate the fragmentation process rather than the router itself. However, it uses a protocol to discover the MTU (Ali, 2012). Where in IPv4 it will still Handel by the router, which is a very less efficient process for fastest growing E-market. In IPv6 ip layer is resorted for true end-to-end connectivity by excluding the network address translation (NAT). Bibliography Agarwal, K., Rozner, E., Dixon, C., Carter, J. (2014, August). SDN traceroute: Tracing SDN forwarding without changing network behavior. In Proceedings of the third workshop on Hot topics in software defined networking (pp. 145-150). ACM. Ali, A. N. A. (2012). A comparison studies between IPV4 IPV6. International Journal of Computer Science Issues, 9(3), 314-317. Borman, D. (2012). TCP Options and Maximum Segment Size (MSS). de Valicourt, G., Moroz, N. D., Jenneve, P., Vacondio, F., Duan, G. H., Jany, C., ... Antona, J. C. (2014). A next-generation optical packet-switching node based on hybrid III-V/silicon optical gates. IEEE Photonics Technology letters, 26(7), 678-681. Fang, L., Bitar, N., Zhang, R., Daikoku, M., Pan, P. (2013). MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) Applicability: Use Cases and Design (No. RFC 6965). Fang, L., Niven-Jenkins, B., Mansfield, S., Graveman, R. (2013). MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) Security Framework (No. RFC 6941). Heisswolf, J., Knig, R., Kupper, M., Becker, J. (2013). Providing multiple hard latency and throughput guarantees for packet switching networks on chip. Computers Electrical Engineering, 39(8), 2603-2622. Kalwar, S., Shaikh, S., Zaki, N., Memon, A. (2014). The transition of Real Time Network from IPv4 to IPv6Simulated Test Bed and Analysis. Journal of Networking Technology Volume, 5(2), 47. Kaur, H., Sahni, V., Bala, M. (2013). A Survey of Reactive, Proactive and Hybrid Routing Protocols in MANET: A Review. Network, 4(3), 498-500. Kitayama, K. I., Huang, Y. C., Yoshida, Y., Takahashi, R., Segawa, T., Ibrahim, S., ... Mizukoshi, Y. (2015). Torus-topology data center network based on optical packet/agile circuit switching with intelligent flow management. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 33(5), 1063-1071. Partridge, C., Milliken, W. C., Mankins, D. P. (2014). U.S. Patent No. 8,688,979. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Perell, J., Spadaro, S., Ricciardi, S., Careglio, D., Peng, S., Nejabati, R., ... Dorren, H. J. (2013). All-optical packet/circuit switching-based data center network for enhanced scalability, latency, and throughput. IEEE Network, 27(6), 14-22. Raszuk, R., Zhao, Q., Fang, L., Li, Z., Yang, T. (2015). Use cases of MPLS Global Label. Templin, F. (2013). Operational Guidance for IPv6 Deployment in IPv4 Sites Using the Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP). Vissicchio, S., Tilmans, O., Vanbever, L., Rexford, J. (2015). Central control over distributed routing. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 45(4), 43-56. Yu, J., Qi, Y., Wang, G., Gu, X. (2012). A cluster-based routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with nonuniform node distribution. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 66(1), 54-61.

Bangle Essay Research Paper In an article free essay sample

Bangle Essay, Research Paper In an article from Harvard Business Review entitled How BMW Turns Art into Profit, Chris Bangle describes his end to give the interior decorators of this company way and penetration. This adept adult male has developed a process to maintain two wholly different sections of the company happy and successful. Before Chris Bangle, the interior decorators of the company were left without a section caput. They needed a director, but most of all person to back up their thoughts instead than set them down. He foremost explains how he must detect the difference between the creative persons and the applied scientists. He explains that creative persons see that flawlessness comes in phases. On the contrary, Engineers believe that flawlessness must be completed right the first clip. Chris Bangle believes that his interior decorators are emotional and sensitive, and tries to take that into consideration before responding to a design. We will write a custom essay sample on Bangle Essay Research Paper In an article or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He must besides protect them from unintended, sometimes hurtful, unfavorable judgment from others. In order to make this he says that there must be a seperation between the two sections. He monitors every entry into the design section, walls off sensitive theoretical accounts, and bents marks around that province, STOP: NO ENTRY. Engineers are besides non allowed to come in unattended, while the creative persons are at work. In the design section each creative person is in competition with the following, which Bangle besides has to cover with. He sometimes lets the creative persons work in different environments, off from BMW. He besides uses positive support, and provi diethylstilbestrols personal coaching. This manner there is no difficult feelings when one design is chosen over another. Chris Bangle besides lets the creative persons play with expensive equipment to assist them make new thoughts. Protecting the procedure itself is another manner to assist the merchandise non to come in the technology section excessively early. He says there are three stairss to make this successfully. One is the understanding stage, or credence of the thought they are working towards. The 2nd is the believing stage, which helps to do the design realistic. And the 3rd stage, seeing, is when they zero in on the designs defects. Finally Bangle says that implementing rigorous deadlines helps the creative persons to work harder and to guarantee the design has reached flawlessness before the applied scientists look at it. Chris Bangle, on top of all this, must set up communicating among the interior decorators and the applied scientists. He states that he must maintain things concrete by trusting on diverting positions, gestures and noises to acquire ideas across. He must besides assist others visualise by utilizing sketchs and studies, traditionally. Bangle states that eventually he focuses on the Big Picture instead than minute inside informations. Art and commercialism has learned to work together in this company, as it should. Although there is independency in both countries there is a strong cooperation of both sections over all. Chris Bangle has demonstrated that with honestness from a good director, and comprehension from everybody, interior decorators and applied scientists are able to make terrific thoughts and transport them out to be successful.

Principles of Economics Essays

Principles of Economics Essays Principles of Economics Essay Principles of Economics Essay In the readings of this week we looked at some market structures and how they affect the certain areas of economic structures within the economy. In this paper we will also be exploring information given on equilibrium in relationship to the labor market, as well as an observation of the package deliver leader â€Å"UPS† We will first start with comparing and contrasting services and goods used n the different market structures. In Economics, market goods in four different categories grouped by characteristics of being excludable or rival in consumption. Excludable basically means one person can prevent the use by another person. A rival in consumption means the use of a good by one person eliminates the opportunity for another person to use that same good. The four different groups of goods are private goods, public goods, common resources, and natural monopolies. Private goods are goods that private firms produce for profit available to people but not available to all people. Examples of private good are food, clothing, toys, furniture, and cars. According to Mankiw (2007), private goods are excludable and rival in consumption because someone can prevent some from obtaining a good and the use of a good prevents others from obtaining the same exact good. Natural monopolies are goods which are excludable but can be used without limitations. For example, a cable company can exclude people from accessing cable by charging for cable, but there is no limit on the consumption. Public goods are the exact opposite of private goods. Public goods are free, available to everyone, and there is no decrease in the availability by use of others; therefore public goods are neither excludable or rivals in consumption (Mankiw,  2007). Air is an example of a public good. In general, the intake of air by one individual does not decrease the supply of air to other individuals. Another category of goods are common resources. Common resources are the goods that are available to everyone, but the use of the good itself reduces the availability of the good to others. Commonly used examples of common resources are fish in the ocean and congested non-toll roads. The final category of goods is natural monopolies. Because of the free availability of public goods and common resources, there are both positive and negative externalities. The positive and negative externalities require government intervention and regulations to protect resources and future allocation of resources. When the quantity of demanded equals the quantity supplied at the current market price, it is refers to the labor market equilibrium. Equilibrium is to keep thing balanced. There has to be a balance in the labor marketplace to keep thing equal. A change in labor market equilibrium can occur when there is limited amount of job opening and qualified people to fill those positions. When there is a decrease in labor supply occurs there are not enough qualified people to fill the position that are open. Hiring more labor causes the marginal product of the worker to fall. In the new equilibrium both the wage and the value of the marginal product of labor are lower than they were before the increase in labor supply. This causes the labor market equilibrium to become unbalanced. Labor demands shift decrease because of a lack of jobs opening in area causing qualified employees to relocate to find a job. When demand for labor increases an increase wages and employment will increase. With a higher output price the added productivity from more employees is more valuable, which makes hiring more workers becomes profitable (Mankiw,  2004). Mankiw (2004) stated, â€Å"Any event that changes the supply or demand for labor must change the equilibrium wage and value or the marginal product by same amount, because these must always be equal. † Equilibrium happens when supply equals demand, generating the employment, and competitive wage. In closing what has been included in this paper are the main points of what we believe these chapters have summarized. The four major market structures have been broken down to understand who and what are represented by each in an example as well as characters of each. The effectiveness of these organizations as well as factors that affect supply and demand have highlighted along with compare and contrast resources within market structure. References: ankiw, N. G. (2004). Principles of Economics (4th ed. ). Mason, Ohio: South-Wesrern. UPS Investors Relations , 1999-2010 United Parcel Service of America, Inc Retrieved from www. investors. ups. com

Brief summary abput a case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Brief summary abput a case - Essay Example Therefore, interstate commercial and economic trend can be affected if this ruling failed to be upheld. The congressional federal law had the rationale to regulate any activity that affects interstate economic activity. In this case, the constitutional federal law preempted California state law. SDI, Kaplan and Brunk had filed a case in a district federal court arguing that they had stood to challenge the legality of the search and that their right as stipulated in the fourth Amendments had been violated, (Reilly, 1983, p141). They requested that since the search warrant was vague and overboard then the evidence presented by the IRS agents was inadmissible and should be suppressed, (Reilly, 1983, p141). The district federal court ruled in their favor. The government appealed through the court of Appeal Ninth Circuit. This decision was reversed by the court of appeal. The judges said that there was no evidence that SDI, Kaplan and Brunk made steps maintain the privacy of the items, they had no direct control over the property that was seized as evidence, and they did not have a strong connection with the seized items, (Reilly, 1983, p143). All these were vital requirements for the items to be perceived as private. However, the court acknowledged that they had direct control over both the premises and the entire building. Therefore, there was a certain extent of privacy accorded to them by that virtue alone. However, with regard to their standing to challenge the search, further proceedings were necessary and the decision by the district federal court stood reversed. It was noted that some evidence was admissible while other was not, (Reilly, 1983,

Strategy and specific requirements for the Asset Team members Coursework

Strategy and specific requirements for the Asset Team members - Coursework Example Again, the asset manager would ensure that project delivery is undertaken without a compromise to any acts that fall outside the stipulated scope and system definition. Based on all the issues outlined above, the mission statement for the asset team members will to â€Å"to deliver a globally competitive asset management standards that meet the demands of the project at both the asset in-flow and asset out-flow stages.† Task 2: Asset Manager and Asset Management Team Strategy and specific requirements for the Asset Team members The strategy for the asset team members would be doubted as â€Å"independent dynamism†. This strategy is made up of two major aspects, which are the need for asset team members to be independent in their decision making and the need for asset team members to be proactive and dynamic in their decision making. This perspective of strategy is adapted because of the generalized mission to ensure that the service delivery that should come from the as set management of the project would be a globalised one that can rightly compete with global models. To do this easily, the asset team members are each expected to possible a competence requirement of decisiveness, action driven, goal oriented and independent mindedness with an ability to work with minimal instruction. How the Asset Team members will be sourced The search for asset team members will be undertaken on a well rehearsed scale and according to a well coordinated pattern. Such an approach is expected to result in a situation whereby nothing but the best of human resource will be sourced for the project. To this end, there shall be a specialized recruitment and... The search for asset team members will be undertaken on a well rehearsed scale and according to a well coordinated pattern. Such an approach is expected to result in a situation whereby nothing but the best of human resource will be sourced for the project. To this end, there shall be a specialized recruitment and selection procedure that will take place on a peripheral level. What this means is that invitation for application for recruitment shall be extended to all potential members from within and without the company. This would ensure that as many talents as possible are sampled and that as much competition as possible exist among the applicants. Job specifications and requirements shall be spelt out and critically examined for each applicant. A team consultants and technocrats in the field of asset management would then undertake the final selection based on a teamed interview section for each of the applicants. What this means in the long run is that each person who becomes a m ember of the team would have to justify his or her inclusion in the team.

Hamlet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Hamlet - Essay Example At first, he wants to make sure that Claudius is really guilty of the murder. One can see a Hamlet who wants to be sure of his uncle’s guilt before doing revenge, and for that, he plans the play. He says â€Å"the play’s the thing, wherein I’ll catch the conscience of the king† (Act 2 Scene II). However, the biggest mistake from his part that made his entire plan go astray is his killing of Polonius in his mother’s room. It gives Claudius a chance to send Hamlet away and order to kill him, which is followed by a number of deaths leading to the tragic end of the play. In addition, it is his love towards Ophelia and his desire to keep her away from the tragic end that makes him show callous attitude towards her after the ghost reveals the truth to him. In total, though the play has a tragic end, his plan is to do the revenge in such a manner that only the guilty is punished. In total, he is a man of great virtue. Or, Hamlet is â€Å"the most admirabl e picture of human nature in its highest state, little lower than angels† (Adams & Hackett, 4). II There is still a controversy among scholars about Shakespeare’s intention in showing Hamlet as mad. However, a close scrutiny clearly proves that he is not at all mad. Instead, he is utilizing that madness as a mask to cover his ploy. For example, in Act 2 Scene II, Hamlet answers the queries of Polonius in a totally nonsensical way, making them conclude that Hamlet has gone mad. However, when his friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstem appear, he greets them with excitement, and easily makes them reveal that they are spies of the king. In fact, one can observe his ability to plan and implement complex tasks with ease. To find if Claudius is really guilty of killing his father, he makes the troupe present a play which is very similar to the killing of his father, and from Claudius’ reaction, easily infer that it is guilt that makes Claudius stop the play. In addition, o ne can see Hamlet giving explicit directions to the players that they should not overact as that will ruin the purpose of the play (Act 3, Scene II, The Tragedy of Hamlet). In addition, he has no other way other than behaving like a madman because he wants to keep Ophelia away from the troubles, though she does not. However, one can also argue that the situation is painful enough for Hamlet to become mad, and considering the series of events he had to pass through, it arouses little surprise if he really becomes mad. III The most pathetic figure in the play, undoubtedly, is Ophelia. She is the one who suffers the most in the play for no guilt of her. She loved Hamlet very much but when her father stops her from meeting Hamlet, she readily agrees. As Gehrmann (13) points out, she acts the way that is liked by the male-dominated society; always obeys her father and ignores the feelings of her own heart. In Act 3 Scene I, when Ophelia greets him with trinkets he has given her, he lashe s out at the girl, and suggests that she should join a nunnery, and asks â€Å"why wouldst thou be a breeder of sinners?† (Act 3, Scene I). In addition, while watching the play, she tries to talk to him, but his response is hostile. (Act 3, Scene II) However, there are more issues for her in the pipeline waiting their turn. She gets the news of her father’

Achieving Operational Excellence with JIT (Just in Time)

Achieving Operational Excellence with JIT (Just in Time) The main method used in the race to gain Operational Excellence is JIT (Just in Time). JIT is an inventory strategy that Slack (1998) describes as producing goods and services exactly when they are needed The introduction of JIT (Just in Time) in Japan in the 1950s and early 1960s proved successful for the Toyota Motor Company and rapidly spread to further manufacturing plants. This report will explore JIT in further detail and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of employing such techniques in a range of manufacturing plants however there will be a large focus on Nissan Manufacturing UK. There is a range of planning and control techniques that can be implemented along side JIT to enhance the approach and can be fundamental to the overall success of JIT. They all stem from similar philosophical views of JIT. The author will be conducting research into the following methods some of which fall under the umbrella term Lean Manufacturing. This will also be explored in further detail in this report: MRPI (Materials Requirement Planning) or as it is now known as MRP II (Manufacturing Resource Planning). MRP is a system that oversees planning and inventory control. It ensures materials and resources are available when needed for production. It calculates the rate of end productivity being created from the line. Through the employment of JIT delivery of materials and interlinked delivery schedules, the MRP system manages the stock level so there is the lowest amount of inventory possible. Total Quality Management (JIT/TQM) is a method that emphasises the importance of quality management in all process in the organisation. Flynn (1995) believes the use of TQM practices leads to improved JIT performance by reducing manufacturing process variance. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) refers to the reduction of unplanned breakdowns by careful maintenance. It focuses on carefully structured maintenance procedures that reduce the possibility of down time due to malfunctioning of machinery. Cua (2001) states that TPM has†¦an indirect relationship through JIT with low cost, high levels of quality and strong delivery performance Setup Reduction (SUR) has a purpose of reducing the time, effort, and cost associated with changing a process from one activity to another Slack (1998). This involves reviewing the simple mechanical changes carried out on the line and making them more efficient using an array of methods that will be discussed in this report. Kanban is Japanese for card or signal. It is known for being pull-based planning of inventory control in comparison to the push-based planning of MRP. Slack (1998) describes Kanban in its simplest terms is a card used by a customer stage to instruct its supplier stage to send more materials This report will go into detail about the different types of Kanban and how they work along side JIT. The Authors Background Whilst working in the IT department at Nissan Sunderland during a placement year the author became very interested in the logistics and operational side of the company. Before Nissan, the author had no concept of how a company would go about implementing procedures and methods that would be operating in the factory to obtain optimum end results. The methods Nissan use to promote Operational Excellence were especially apparent during the year of 2008 which has been one of the most difficult and challenging years for all involved due to the economic climate, however it proved especially demanding for car manufacturers. The author was witness to redundancy, cut backs, and labour flexibility all of which were emergency policies in response to the economic climate to ensure the companys future. JIT was especially imperative during this time period as car sales severely declined. As Nissan had taken the JIT approach to their manufacturing it meant they did not have a large amount of stock that had been paid for but could not be utilised in the manufacturing of cars due to very few orders. Nissan utilises JIT and many of the methods mentioned in the introduction which will all be investigated to allow the author to evaluate how they enable a company to obtain operational excellence. Literature review Duggan (2007) describes Operational Excellence at operationalemployee level as being when each and every employee can see the flow of value to the customer, and fix that flow when it breaks down. However Glass (2008) describes Operational Excellence in wider context and believes it involves the company establishing a business-wide vision, measuring process performance against ideal and involving cross-sections of people in developing and implementing solutions. Accenture define Operational Excellence as sustaining operational performancethrough continuous improvement Continuous improvement can also be known as the Japanese word Kaizen which directly translated stands for Change and Good. The philosophy of Kaizen believes in continuing improvement involving everyone Kaizen Institution (2009). Companies need to take a Kaizen approach if they wish to pursue their end goal of achieving operational excellence. Smith (2002) believes that taking a Kaizen approach has helped many firms all across the globe to achieve better operational excellence and improve their productivity. Through the introduction of Kaizen in Nissan factories Nissan believe Failure is no longer viewed as a negative but as an opportunity for reflection, re-evaluation and the foundation for improvement NMUK (2009) and the improvements now highlighted in the company are the result of very small Kaizen activities rather than huge company wide activities. NMUK ( 2009) Kaizen however can also be viewed in a negative light; Corrigan (2005) believes it fails to reach the right diagnosis about the nature of the problem Nick Rich who held Toyotas Elite Scholarship in Japan and is now a Director of the innovative manufacturing research centre based at Cardiff University, also holds a negative stance on the philosophy of Kaizen stating Kaizen just pushes the problem around the plant never getting the source of the issue and upsetting most people who come to work to do a good job. Mackle (2009) believes to use Kaizen may have a part to play in the implementation of change: it is not the right tool for analysing what to change or designing what to change to. Lean Manufacturing is a common method of improving manufacturing operations. It is described as being A systematic approach to identifying and eliminating waste through continuous improvement by flowing the product at the demand of the customer. ProcessPro Software (2009) Strategos Consultancy (2009) believes Lean Manufacturing also refers to manufacturing without waste. This waste or muda as it is known in Japan can be measure by various factors: obsolete inventory, preventable processing steps, unnecessary transportation of goods or people, time delays and poor quality of good. Most companies waste 70%-90% of their available resources. Even the bestLean Manufacturers probably waste 30%. TimeCompression.com (2004) Lean production is the name given to a group of highly efficient manufacturing techniques developed (mainly by large Japanese companies) in the 1980s and early 1990s. Lean production was seen as the third step in an historical progression, which took industry from the age of the craftsman through the methods of mass production and into an era that combined the best of both. It has been described as the most fundamental change to occur since mass production was brought to full development by Henry Ford early in the 20th century. Economist.com (2009) Manufacturing companies are using the fall in sales due economic downturn as a chance to reassess their manufacturing procedures and look for opportunities to improve their Lean Manufacturing methods. Operational Excellence can be measured by a variety of KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) that are dependant on the company striving to meet all the agreed best practises. Traditional measures of lead time, on-time delivery, and quality are all good because they will support flow. To help build operational excellence, here are a few new ones: The amount of suppliers on a formal connections (as a percentage higher is better) The amount of suppliers with a formal alert system (as a percentage higher is better) The number of alerts that occur (at first, higher is better, as the problems are being made visible) The number of customer impacts from the supply chain (as a percentage lower is better) Duggan K (2006). Quality in delivery All our deliveries will be of the predefined quality and will always cover the full scope. Cost-efficiency All our assignments and undertakings will always be as cost-efficient as possible. We will proactively suggest measures to cut costs and use efficient tools and methods to deliver at the required cost. Commitment to delivery All our deliveries will be on time. Sigma Kudos (2009) THE HISTORY OF LEAN MANUFACTURING QUOTES JAMES P WOMACK JIT is the most common pull manufacturing process. The basic method is that production at one level only happens when triggered by a request at the higher level, for example components are pulled onto the production line when activated by a customer order on a website. Hutchins (1999) explains JIT as being The term used to indicate that a process is capable of instant response to demand without the need for any overstocking, either in expectation of the demand being forthcoming or as a result of inefficiencies in the process How does the implementation of JIT meet Operational Excellence? What other methods can be used alongside JIT to achieve Operational Excellence? Aim of the project This aim of this report is to research and evaluate how manufacturing plants use JIT and other lean manufacturing techniques to achieve Operational Excellence. Objectives of this Report: * To identify what Lean Manufacturing is. * To determine the methods used in Lean Manufacturing. * To evaluate and assess the methods used in Lean Manufacturing. * To identify how JIT assists manufacturing plants achieve Operational Excellence. * To identify how manufacturing plants measure Operational Excellence. Methodology The author will be conducting secondary research to explore how operational excellence is obtained by implementing lean manufacturing techniques such as JIT. The research found will be investigated to confirm they are from a reputable source and reflect current procedures. Choosing to use secondary research data over primary research data is a wildly debated topic however I feel in this report secondary research is advantageous as the research process can be completed efficiently by the author. Primary research on this topic would be very hard to obtain as it is a specialist topic and is usually overseen by the management of a company based on their private statistics such as profit margins, down time and productivity. Therefore an unobtrusive approach is need for researching this subject area. As qualitative research is an entire research conducted within the boundaries of trustworthiness, transferability, credibility, dependability and confirmability Pickard (2007), the author will be evaluating the source of information for all the aforementioned aspects. The author will be mainly using books and journals for her secondary research. It is important to evaluate the books for possible out dated information as they can sometimes take years to reach publication. It is also imperative to be wary of theoretical slants aimed at the academic market Saunders (2007) Journals may also be written with a bias slant, and not all academic journals are refereed Saunders (2007) therefore the relevance and usefulness will vary. The author will take this into account when conducting her research. This report will be compiled by carrying out qualitative research in order to determine the nature of the issue. The reasoning behind taking this approach is this method allows for multiple perspectives on the phenomena under study. Pickard (2007). It is also because companies can interpret Operational Excellence in various ways dependant on the business end product and the area of focus detailed in their individual policy for Operational Excellence. Therefore specific facts and figures are only relevant to each individual company and cannot be used in comparisons with other manufacturing plants. The aim of this report is to provide a complete, detailed description and evaluation of Operational Excellence and the methods used to achieve this. It is not looking at interpreting low level data and deriving information regarding the subject area. The advantage of using qualitative research is that it seeks to understand other peoples interpretations of the topic and the author will formulate a conclusion from further investigation. It can be a very subjective method of research due to the competitive nature of the manufacturing world and each company claiming to be the leader in the race for Operational Excellence. However through diligent cross examination of books, journals and websites the author will be able to filter out bias views and formulate an objective view. Nissan will be the main case study due to the authors previous work experience position within the company. Nissan will be supplying the author with some of their in-house documents and policies that are used to brief employees, supplier and customer. The author will use cross-case comparisons to support their secondary research findings and the Nissan documentation. In carrying out this comparison the author believes it will provide a solid foundation of knowledge to the topic by identifying similarities and differences. After the author completes careful analytical generalisations based on the cross-case findings this will then provide a broad understanding and insight into the topic.

Microsoft Canada Executive Summary Essay examples -- Business Manageme

Microsoft Canada Executive Summary Microsoft Canada is preparing its marketing plan for the Xbox over the coming year. The Xbox was launched the previous year and positioned as the complete home entertainment solution combining video gaming, the Internet and DVD playback. The Xbox is the most robust gaming console on the market, but faces stiff competition in its product category. The Sony Playstation 2 is the market leader with over 50% of the console market. Microsoft also faces competition from Nintendo and their GameCube. Microsoft’s goal is to become the market leader in the category by dethroning Sony. In order to accomplish this goal Microsoft Canada must develop its marketing plan for 2002. Specifically, Microsoft must decide which target market to focus their efforts on. Specifically, they need to decide whether or not to continue focussing their attention on the male 16-24 year old â€Å"heavy gamer† which is also the target segment of Sony. Or, do they shift their focus to the lighter user and try to develop a niche strategy. The backdrop of the targeting decision is how to position the Xbox. Microsoft could choose to position the system simply as the most powerful gaming console available, or they could also choose to focus on the complete functionality of the product including online gaming and DVD playback. Considering the various opportunities and challenges, Microsoft should continue to focus its campaign on the heavy male user since this demographic are typically the trendsetters when it comes to the industry and are best equipped to appreciate the gaming advantages of the system. By targeting this segment while focussing marketing efforts on the superior technology of the product along with the online gaming functionality, Microsoft should be able to differentiate itself from the Playstation by offering gamers a more technologically advanced gaming system with an online gaming feature not available from Sony. Problem Statement Microsoft is faced with a key decision on how to market the Xbox product in the second year of its launch in Canada. Specifically, Microsoft needs to determine how to position the Xbox and which market segment they should target. The goal is to gain market share versus their competitors and most specifically Sony. Once positioning and target market are determined, Microsoft Canada must then decide ... ... The backdrop of all the marketing efforts must be the positioning of Xbox as the most robust gaming system along with the online gaming functionality. Advertisements showing males of the target age playing online from different locations with each would be a key message. In store demos at the various retailers, especially over the holidays should be a priority. Since purchase after trial is highest, this needs to be a core tenet of the marketing plan. The holiday season, as mentioned, is key. So during September to December, advertising spending and frequency in all aspects should be at its highest level. Double the advertisements at the very least should be considered. Furthermore, continued bundling with other retailers is another key strategy. Microsoft could also consider bundling services closer to the holiday season such as free membership to the Xbox.ca â€Å"Gamers Zone† for a year with the purchase of an Xbox to drive sales, and further promote the online abilities of the system. The end result, if the campaign is successful is that consumers will see the key benefits/differentiators of the Xbox versus Playstation and will choose to purchase the superior product . Microsoft Canada Executive Summary Essay examples -- Business Manageme Microsoft Canada Executive Summary Microsoft Canada is preparing its marketing plan for the Xbox over the coming year. The Xbox was launched the previous year and positioned as the complete home entertainment solution combining video gaming, the Internet and DVD playback. The Xbox is the most robust gaming console on the market, but faces stiff competition in its product category. The Sony Playstation 2 is the market leader with over 50% of the console market. Microsoft also faces competition from Nintendo and their GameCube. Microsoft’s goal is to become the market leader in the category by dethroning Sony. In order to accomplish this goal Microsoft Canada must develop its marketing plan for 2002. Specifically, Microsoft must decide which target market to focus their efforts on. Specifically, they need to decide whether or not to continue focussing their attention on the male 16-24 year old â€Å"heavy gamer† which is also the target segment of Sony. Or, do they shift their focus to the lighter user and try to develop a niche strategy. The backdrop of the targeting decision is how to position the Xbox. Microsoft could choose to position the system simply as the most powerful gaming console available, or they could also choose to focus on the complete functionality of the product including online gaming and DVD playback. Considering the various opportunities and challenges, Microsoft should continue to focus its campaign on the heavy male user since this demographic are typically the trendsetters when it comes to the industry and are best equipped to appreciate the gaming advantages of the system. By targeting this segment while focussing marketing efforts on the superior technology of the product along with the online gaming functionality, Microsoft should be able to differentiate itself from the Playstation by offering gamers a more technologically advanced gaming system with an online gaming feature not available from Sony. Problem Statement Microsoft is faced with a key decision on how to market the Xbox product in the second year of its launch in Canada. Specifically, Microsoft needs to determine how to position the Xbox and which market segment they should target. The goal is to gain market share versus their competitors and most specifically Sony. Once positioning and target market are determined, Microsoft Canada must then decide ... ... The backdrop of all the marketing efforts must be the positioning of Xbox as the most robust gaming system along with the online gaming functionality. Advertisements showing males of the target age playing online from different locations with each would be a key message. In store demos at the various retailers, especially over the holidays should be a priority. Since purchase after trial is highest, this needs to be a core tenet of the marketing plan. The holiday season, as mentioned, is key. So during September to December, advertising spending and frequency in all aspects should be at its highest level. Double the advertisements at the very least should be considered. Furthermore, continued bundling with other retailers is another key strategy. Microsoft could also consider bundling services closer to the holiday season such as free membership to the Xbox.ca â€Å"Gamers Zone† for a year with the purchase of an Xbox to drive sales, and further promote the online abilities of the system. The end result, if the campaign is successful is that consumers will see the key benefits/differentiators of the Xbox versus Playstation and will choose to purchase the superior product .

Hamas, hezbolla and islamic jihad Essay

Hamas is an Islamic resistance movement formed in 1987 to fight for Palestinian occupied land of Gaza strip, West bank and east Jerusalem. However, its initial creation was to destroy Israel and form a Palestinian Islamic state. It is highly known for its suicide bombings and other violence against Israeli military facilities and civilians. Despite these, Hamas has performed various social, military and political activities having provided social and welfare services, such as schools and hospital facilities to Palestinians. It dedicates much of its funds to the welfare, cultural and educational services, which are meant to influence Palestinians so as get their support in their military actions against Israeli. Most of these funds originated from OPEC countries such as Kuwait, Iran, and Saudi Arabia etc. Hezbollah or party of God is a political and paramilitary organization found in Lebanon. It was formed during the Lebanese civil war as the army of Shia followers and they were trained, organized and financed by Revolutionary Guards of Iran. Its main aim of creation was to put to an end Western colonialism, punish the phalaghists and develop a political Islamic nation in Lebanon. To many Western countries, it is considered a terrorist group after being connected to Beirut bombing in 1983, but to Arabian and Islamic countries it is viewed as an organization opposed to Western ideologies and policies. More so, it is highly popular in Lebanese and of them in support of its activities as to them it is legitimate organization. It receives its training, financial and military support from Iran. The organization has its leaders in Lebanese Government, a radio station and a satellites television as well as social and welfare programs such as provision of health and educational facilities. In addition, it is believed to be one of the first Islamic groups to use suicide bombing, assassination and kidnapping of foreigners so that they grievances could be attended to; but later on, they turned to military actions such as firing of missiles etc. Islamic Jihad refers to religious wars, which are declared by Muslims whenever they feel like their Islamic religion is being attacked or threatened. The Islamic groups or organizations have no big difference between them, as they were created to fight for certain grievances or policy changes those they felt inappropriate to the Islamic society. In most cases, they wage terrorist attacks and wars against their opponent without regard for the innocent citizens. They actions are out of desperation and bitterness, given the fact they have to rely on other Arabic and Islamic nations for military and financial support. Without these aid, they have no other way to let world know their grievances and that is why they have to use each and every opportunity to ensure that they point is home, even if its suicide bombing. They differ in terms of their location, financial and military powers, and possibly, their grievances. For instance, Hezbollah is more powerful in terms of its political, economic and social influence than Hamas, this can be attributed to the fact that it is highly effective in its tactics and its policies. The radical groups pose a very big danger to the United States, due to the fact they have a well trained and organized network of their dedicated army strategically positioned waiting for any chance to hit the Americans. These has been portrayed clearly in their current effort to bomb United Kingdom, though one may believe that they are enmity is focused towards Israel. Nevertheless, the fact remains that U. S. support is biased towards the Israelites hence the enmity. At the same time, Muslims believe in religious wars so to them war is part of their religion, hence when they kill a person in the name of protecting their religion they believe there is a reward. Lastly, the fact they are financed by other Islamic and Arabian countries implies that they have the means and the capabilities of attacking the U. S. For instance, Hezbollah was able to defeat Israel with the help of Iran out of Lebanon, and considering that, there is Muslim unity that it is just a matter of what believes. These forms their network which highly in detectable even with the most accurate detecting gadget. Before any negotiations are made, there are several factors, which should be considered: the inducement to commit a terrorist attack is highly determined by the result of a certain terrorist operation, hence the attack that has notably positive impact for the groups are highly and that is the only time when a negotiation is initiated. The Kurdish occupied territories of the Middle East came under the governance of indigenous Kurdish chiefs during the middle era, though they never formed a unified government. However, from 14th century the territories were incorporated to the Ottoman Empire. The incorporation of the Kurdish occupied regions of turkey of eastern Anatolia into turkey angered many Kurds and ended up in a long running war where many people lost their lives. There were major Kurdish conflict in the territory and it was declared a no go zone for foreigners by Turkish authorities for its military use in the year 1925 and 1965. However, turkey first president undertook serious actions to curb the Kurdish cultural and political activities, and this trend followed closely under his successors. For instance, a number of regions were put under martial law to curb the activities of Kurdistan workers party (PKK), and this resulted to severe violent guerilla warfare. This caused much of the country be evacuated and a number of Kurdish inhabited villages destroyed and various judicial execution carried out by both turkey and Kurdish. Since 1999, the state of affairs has cooled down with the abduction other PKK leader Abdullah Ocala, and with the European Union encouragement for official tolerance of Kurdish cultural actions. There are countries that have stake in the Kurdish, turkey and Iraq conflict. These include members of European Union and the western states like U. S, U. K. etc.

Film poster analysis

Undertaking 1 -Film poster- analysis Film postings are a manner of advancing a movie ; they can be viewed on coach Michigans, the side of coachs, hoardings, E postings and cinema’s. Their purpose is to pull people’s attending so that they can acquire them interested in the merchandise, the movie posting is an of import factor as it is esential for the significance of the movie to be clearly conveyed to the audience. If the targeted audience for the movie is unabled to understand the posting, the movie may free out on possible viewers.A movie posting can incorporate stills from the movie, images of the characters or any objects or points that have relevence to the movies genre or story.The images help to potray the narration of the movies and gives a intimation to the audience about what the movie could be approximately, this is why its ever of import for the message to be clear.In this assignment I will be analysing two movie postings for different genres of movies sing its mark audience, content, codifica tion and conventions and manners of reference. Case study 1- Sinister The first movie posting that I will be analyzing is for the movie‘Sinister’ ( 2012 )directed by Scott Derickson, the movie was released on the 12 October 2012 and belongs to the horror film genre. The mark audience for this movie is people aged 15-35, while the official age evaluation that this film was given was a 15, this mean that the movie contains content that is non suited for anyone of a younger age ; this is a common age limitation that is used for horror films. The genre of horror films is most popular amongst the socio economic group C2, with males and females under the age of 25. The geo-demographic audience for this movie are Americans as this is where the movie was foremost released, it was later on released into other state. The movie has a reasonably low budget and does non incorporate any major histrions or actresses. The movie posting displays the typical horror movie conventions particularly as the color strategy of the posting is really common with the usage of ruddy and black, movies such as‘Friday and the 13th’( 2009 )and‘Mirrors’ ( 2008) contain these colorss on their posting, doing it really easy to observe the genre of the movie. The posting is really minimalistic, as the chief colors that are used for the background of the posting are dull. Colorss have a big influence within the posting and demo different significance ; the four chief colorss that are used for the posting are ruddy, white, gray and black. The coloring material ruddy represents blood and decease, and contrasts with the dull white background, doing the deformed face stand out. Additionally the color white in the posting appears to be polysemic as the scene of this posting seems to be in white room within a house ; the white coloring material of the wall can stand for an absence of coloring materia l, which helps to reflect the soulless temper in the posting, instead the color white can besides mean the pureness and artlessness that the small girl possess. The usage of the color black symbolises the darkness and emptiness that can be seen, while the usage of Grey is used to stipulate the dark and eerie nature of the movie, this content is of import to assist reflect the general ambiance of the posting. The chief rubric is placed in a cardinal place merely above the chief image, the name of the rubric ‘Sinister’ signifies evil and enigma and it appears in the Centre of the page in black. The coloring material of the rubric adds to its dark and shady visual aspect. The rubric is in a seriph fount which is a typical manner used in many supernatural horror posters.The lighting in the posting is ambient doing the posting expression realistic, adding to the disturbing quality, this shows the audience, that supernatural happenings may go on at any minute. Although it is non clear from the posting where the narrative of the movie is located, the dawdler for the movie shows, that the chief scene of the movie is in a house where a series of slayings have occurred. The immature miss that appears on the posting is besides a stereotyped characteristic of horror movies as girls/women are presented as weak and vulnerable. She appears to be have oning white pajama which represents artlessness and besides has relevancy to the girl’s mental province. She is seen smearing blood across the wall, this may bespeak that the immature miss may mean that she has been taken over by an evil force, a kid is really guiltless but portrayed in a ‘sinister way’ . The immature misss is turned off with her face confronting the wall, doing the audience admiration what she could look like, this adds an air of enigma to the posting. It besides leads the audience to inquire if the miss has been possessed by the evil entity that is smeared in bloo d across the wall. The text at the top of the page says ‘from the manufacturer of’ the movies‘Insidious’ ( 2011 )and‘Paranormal Activity’ ( 2011 )these movies were successful, and people may believe that this movie will be as interesting, as they have been produced by the same individual. Because of the low budget of the movie it does non have any noteworthy histrions or actresses in a big or clear infinite on the posting. The building of the content is notably different to Hollywood films, that usually highlight the stars of the movie rather boldly this posting has their names really little at the underside of the page. On the left manus side of the posting at that place person. The posting says that it is â€Å"coming soon† by non giving an exact day of the month the spectator of the posting may experience compelled to research the movie to happen out when it will be released. An extra component of the posting is a movie tape which has been positioned onto the floor beneath the deformed figure on the wall. The tape appears to hold been played and so interrupt, the tape could hold been viewed by the immature miss taking to her ownership. Beneath the rubric on the posting, the ticket line that is used is â€Å"Once you see him, nil can salvage you† , this manner of reference is presented to the audience in an informal manor, as horror films are made to seek and frighten the spectator and does non hold an of import message to present. This is a typical linguistic used for this genre as they want to utilize sentences that add to the horror of the posting, this adds to the enigma of the movie and addresses the spectator of the posting straight. The usage of the word him indicates that ‘him’ may hold relevancy to the figured smeared in blood, it creates enigma of what the movie is really approximately but besides intimations at what can be expected. They have used a simple text, in black that is bold and formidable. Another characteristic included at the underside of the web site is a nexus to a web site called www.HaveYouSeenHim.com ; this is used to lure the spectator and adds to the expectancy environing the movie. The image of the face that is seen on the posting is used in all of the publications that were used to advance the film, demoing the consistence of its selling run, this helps the association with the movie more recognizable. Case study 2-Mean Girls The 2nd movie that I will be analyzing is‘Mean Girls ‘ ( 2004) directed by Mark Waters. The movie was released on April the thirtieth 2004 ; the genre of the film is comedy. The mark audience for this movie is females around the age of 13-20 old ages old, this movie is likely to aim misss who are in the socio economic group E as the audience of the movie will chiefly dwell of adolescents. The geo-demographic of this movie would besides be Americans particularly as the location of this movie is set in a typical American high school. This allows the audience to associate to the character scenarios.unlike the movie‘Sinister’ ( 2012 )the film features chiefly popular histrion and actress and targets a mainstream audience. The chief coloring material codifications and convections that are used within the posting are normally associated with a ‘chick flick’ this is indicated by pinks and purples used for the posting, which intimation at the female audience of the film. Other movies that show color strategies, like this are‘Bridesmaids’ ( 2011 )and‘Legally Blonde’ ( 2001 )these movies have a female led dramatis personae, the colorss used aid to tie in it to the mark audience. The colorss are really light and bright screening that the film is non of a serious disposition and is a really light hearted movie. The coloring material pink indicates that the film may hold a subject of passion and love affair, where as the darker pink shows the fun nature of the movie. The color pink can besides bespeak friendly relationship ; from this the audience may see that friendly relationship may be formed between the characters. The color purple is used for the background of the po sting, this coloring material besides signifies love affair but besides indicates royalty, this suggests that the ‘mean girls’ in the film could be seen as royalty in at that place high school environment. The images used in the movie posting have the typical conventions of a female oriented film as the images of the characters are all female ; this tells the audience who the chief mark is for the movie is. The characters that appear on the right had side of the posting are portrayed in a typical girly manor with the outfits that they are have oning, they are stood really confidently with one of the misss cardinal bespeaking that she may be the leader as her pose suggests power and authorization. The manner that these characters are presented, gives an thought of the narration of the narrative by demoing that they may be the ‘mean misss ‘ in the film. This is really different to the other character that appears less confidently, she is portrayed more modestly so the other characters dressed in denims and a shirt. The misss are separated by the rubric this may propose the thought of her being the castaway in the movie. The average misss besides appear to be looking down at t he audience of the posting. The posting features the chief actresses name rather mostly, this is really different to the sinister posting, as Lindsey Lohan was a really succesful actress let go ofing many adolescent movies like‘Freaky Friday’ ( 2003 )and‘Get a Clue’ ( 2002 )to a similar type of demographic at the clip it was relevent to put her name on the movies posting to pull her fans to watch the movie.Another name that is on the posting is Tina Fey, it is relevant that her name was metioned as she has been a successful actress and author on comedy shows such as‘Saturday Night Live ‘if the audience recognise that she is involved in the movie they may believe that it will be amusing to watch. The rubric â€Å" Average Girls † instantly indicates to the audience the thought of what the movie is about and outlines the general subjects that may be, the rubric typography on the page stands out to the remainder of the context, and is placed vertically this seperates the characters, from the manner the characters are presented who are given thought as to who the average misss may be.The rubric uses a pink coloring material which keeps it relevent to the mark audience.On the page, the word â€Å"Mean† is bold and in capital letters, puting more accent on the movie this indicates that there may be a batch off issue of struggle in the movie. The word ‘girl ‘ re-addresses the audience once more ; proposing that the movie is aiming girls.The typography makes a statement and helps to reflect the ‘bold ‘ characters that will be seen in the movie. The tagline that is used in the movie is is â€Å"Watch your back† ; it is positioned on the posting underneath the three misss which suggests the possible narration for the film.It besides gives the thought that are struggle may originate between the chief characters that are included on the posting. This lingual is used as it is a typical average thing to say.altough the tagline isnt a cardinal characteristic on the page like a standered convection it is still stands out and appears larger than a typical film posting of this genre It besides has the release day of the month underneath it in bright pink and this makes it more seeable to the audience. Unlike the ‘Sinister’ ( 2012 ) posting there is non any demand for them to keep back this day of the month to assist with suspence, as they would desire the audience to cognize when the movie was being released so that people can portion the day of the month with friends and portion the posting. Similarly to the sinister film, the charge block used for the movie in a really little, a web site is provided leting viewing audiences to look at extra content that is associated with the film and to happen out more about. It besides states the film is distributed by paramount images which instantly suggests that the movie has a big budget. Undertaking B Once a media merchandise is made it is of import to garner feedback about it to see what an audience thinks, this can be done with focal point groups, reappraisals and tests and proving, this research can give the movie company the necessary feedback to do any accommodations sing the film. Focus group One manner of acquiring feedback from an audience is by utilizing a focal point group, a focal point group is a signifier of qualitative research in which a group of people will discourse there sentiments, beliefs, outlooks and attitudes towards are product/service they are used on a regular basis while in the procedure of marketing a movie. It is good to hold a focal point group treatment for a movie so that a manufacturer can acquire a good elaborate response from the mark audiences of the movie. From this they can take in the audience’s feedback and expression at doing any accommodations to the parts of the movie. For illustration the manufacturer of the movie may sit down with participants and inquire them inquiries such as ‘opinions of the characters? ’ and ‘if they like the general thought of the movie ‘ . Reappraisals Reappraisals are conducted after the release of the movie, but are indispensable for the movie company to see the idea and sentiments of the audience. Reviewing can fall into two classs these are user generated to reappraisals and critics reappraisals. A critic reappraisal is normally written by an official referee who will be paid to make it, they will normally acquire to see the movie in progress so that the reappraisal will be released in clip, for the general audience. The reappraisal gives the audience an sentiment of the movie so that they can bet on whether or non they want to travel and watch it. A professional reappraisal will look at facets including things such acting, composing, filming and way. User generated reappraisals are a manner for the movies audience to reexamine a movie this is usually done on societal networking, IMDB and rotten tomatoes, this is a utile manner for the movie company to have reappraisals from its targeted audience to see their response to it and what they need to differently following clip. Trial and proving Before let go ofing a movie it is of import to how the audience reacts to it, a trial showing is a prevue of the movie that is carried before the general release of the movie to bet on the general audience reaction. The prevue audiences are normally selected from the mark audience for the movie, after the testing the audience are asked to react to the movie, by either finishing a questionnaire or any other signifier of feedback. for illustration after the movie‘Titanic ‘ ( 1997 )was screened the audience thought that the movie lasted excessively long, this resulted in 45 proceedingss of the movie being cut from the concluding version. Other movies such as ‘Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle’ ( 2003 ) failed to make any trial showing which is frequently thought as the ground why it was unsuccessful. MentionsWebsiteDate accessedhypertext transfer protocol: //www.imdb.com/title/tt0377092/27/09/14onlinehypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_Girls27/09/14onlinehypertext transfer protocol: //www.imdb.com/title/tt1922777/27/09/14onlinehypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinister_ ( movie )02/09/14onlinehypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focus_group02/10/14onlinehypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Review02/10/14onlinehypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_screening02/10/14online

The climax of the Millers Tale Essay Example

The climax of the Millers Tale Essay Example The climax of the Millers Tale Paper The climax of the Millers Tale Paper During the climax of the Millers Tale, Chaucer incorporates a kind of bowdy humor that makes the whole tale seem as though it is a comedy that just entertains the reader as a kind of prelude for the rest of the Tales in the Cabterbury Tales it self. The whole ending to the reader may just seem an elaborate ending to a tale that seems to stem from a kind of perverted mind at the times of Chaucer. The setting of the time is very important as it shows that the old days in which Chaucer lived in was not all the stereotypical ideas that many hold today and have been exploited by film makers as well. The ending and the tale show that the people of those times were not all that afraid of the kind of sexual ness that people are subjected our days. And the climax shows that a humorous society may have lived during the time and may have embraced the magnitude of the humor that Chaucer implies to the ending of the Tale The ending of the Tale is quite vivid. It figures Absalon, Nicholas and John as well as Alison. What befalls Nicholas is quite funny at first glance as a hot poker is shoved up his arse And he was redy with his iren hoot, And Nicholas amide the ers he smoot. By Absalon, due to the fact that Nicholas tried to trick him again with the same trick as before. This is funny but shows an element of surprise as Hende Nicholas is a scolar and a learned person but it prompts the question Why didnt he be original and tries another trick that may not have been so easily foreseen by Absalon. This shows that Chaucer may have just incorporated the idea that learned people at the time could also be fools and could have been bettered. Also the fact that John has already been bested and is made out to be an ignorant person he is also made out to be a crazy person who the whole town see as a fool. The folk gan laughen at his fantasie Now in those times we would expect different stories to be about the sacrifices if great honorable heroes for God, which was displayed in The Knights Tale. The fact that the two endings contrast as being opposite means the Chaucer has cleverly used the different concepts to shows what the people were really like in those days. As a difference to those in service to God the other people did enjoy a kind of sexual desire that most people experience these days. And the ending shows that a kind of humorous society lived that would accept some things that we might not have expected at the time. They would accept some kind of humor as long as it did step over the limit that most people expected at the time. This tale actually shows Chaucer as a kind of adventurous person who would like to show what qualities and talent he has, as he has done so in the Canterbury Tales. This shows that Chaucer as a person is not restrained by public opinion and especially makes this a reality with The Millers Tale. The ending in my opinion has a deeper meaning and shows that what we have stereo typed the old ages with is wrong and Chaucer has allowed us to see what reality was really like during his time. The fact that I mentioned earlier that applies to the position of the Tale in the book shows that Chaucer has contrasted a noble story with a kind of opposite with deceit and dishonorable actions and Chaucer has deliberately does this to show us that The Millers Tale was accepted then and is a kind of pub joke. The tale itself and the ending show that these ideals are true as the people then had found this amusing even though it was offending to some. The hot poker trick may have been included to show that no sin is not punished, as Chaucer may have been deeply religious at the times.